特斯拉2020业绩“交卷”，中国才是“心头好”？
电动汽车制造商特斯拉1月2日报告显示，该公司在2020年生产了49.95万辆汽车，虽然已超过预期，但还是略低于此前特斯拉CEO埃隆·马斯克发布的50万辆的交付目标。
马斯克发布推文表示，他“为特斯拉团队实现这一重大里程碑而感到骄傲”，并称“在特斯拉成立之初，我（乐观地）认为我们只有10%的生存机会。”
推文发布后，粉丝和乐观投资者们纷纷对特斯拉表示祝贺。过去一年，受新冠肺炎疫情影响，汽车产业遭受巨大冲击，特斯拉的全年业绩却显得一枝独秀。
Tesla Inc. on Saturday reported better-than-expected 2020 vehicle deliveries but narrowly missed its ambitious full-year goal during a punishing year for the global auto industry.
The company delivered 499,550 vehicles during 2020, above Wall Street estimates of 481,261 vehicles, according to Refinitiv data, but 450 units shy of CEO Elon Musk's target.
Musk tweeted he was "proud of the Tesla team for achieving this major milestone."
"At the start of Tesla, I thought we had (optimistically) a 10 percent chance of surviving at all," he said.
On Twitter, congratulations from supporters and bullish investors poured in, lauding the electric vehicle maker for its stellar year, which has defied wider auto industry trends of slumping sales, quarterly losses and global supply chain disruptions.
特斯拉股价在2020年上涨了700%以上，成为世界上最有价值的汽车公司，也让创始人马斯克成为全球第二大富豪，身价仅次于亚马逊CEO贝索斯。据彭博亿万富豪指数，马斯克的个人财富已超过1300亿美元。
不过，报告发布后，也有人指责特斯拉公司，明明没有达到预期目标，并不值得庆贺。
特斯拉年初时曾说，将“轻松完成”50万辆年交付目标，即便受疫情影响，该目标也并未改变。
Tesla's share price has risen more than 700 percent over the last year, making its co-founder Elon Musk the world's second-richest person, next only to Amazon's Jeff Bezos, with a net worth of over $130 billion, according to the Bloomberg Billionaire Index.
But some online investor accounts criticized Tesla for saying it had achieved its guidance.
Tesla at the start of 2020 said it would "comfortably exceed 500,000 units" for the year, a target it has left unchanged despite the pandemic. Chief Financial Officer Zachary Kirkhorn in October said Tesla was "aiming to achieve (its) original 2020 guidance."
随着美国本土电动汽车竞争日趋白热化，特斯拉逐渐将目光转向海外，尤其寄希望于欧洲和亚洲的新兴市场。中国是特斯拉在美国以外的第二大市场。
中国产Model Y在2021年一季度将实现正式交付。在国产Model Y的带动下，特斯拉新一年的交付量或将实现新的突破。
Tesla has pinned hopes on new markets such as Europe and Asia, with competition intensifying in its home turf as legacy automakers double down on their investments in the booming EV space.
Tesla's delivery push has been supported by its new Shanghai factory, the only plant currently producing vehicles outside California. The carmaker said Model Y production in Shanghai has begun, with deliveries expected shortly.
狂降15万，特斯拉准备打“价格战”？
1月1日，特斯拉宣布，中国制造的 Model Y 从即日起正式上市。
目前在官网上有长续航和高性能两个版本可选，长续航版本起步价为33.99万元，较2020年8月发布的48.8万元预售价下降近15万。
不过去年12月底，特斯拉中国区副总裁陶琳在接受媒体采访时曾表示，特斯拉的国产化率目标已经基本实现，未来继续降价的可能性不大。
在特斯拉宣布降价后，短短几小时内销量就出现暴增，1日中午，特斯拉中国官网甚至因为访问量过大导致网站无法刷新。
Tesla Inc. on Friday said it has started taking orders for its China-made Model Y sport-utility vehicles (SUVs), with a 30 percent price markdown.
The delivery to customers is set to kick off this month, as the U.S. electric vehicle maker expands sales in the world's biggest car market.
According to its China website, the starting price for Tesla's Long Range version of the Model Y, built in its gigafactory, is set at 339,900 yuan ($52,091.95).
It is a lot cheaper and more affordable than the 488,000 yuan quoted six months ago when presale orders first became available for the January rollout.
At the end of December last year, Tesla Vice President Tao Lin said the price of electric vehicles is related to the cost. The current goal of Tesla's localization rate has been basically achieved, and there is no possibility of further price reductions in the future, he said.
Within hours of Tesla's price cut announcement, the number of orders soared. By midday on Friday, the order page on Tesla China's website could not be refreshed due to a surge in visits.
Model Y does 594 kilometers, or 369 miles, on a single charge, with a claimed top speed of 217 kilometers per hour.
在中国新能源补贴政策利好的推动下，特斯拉也在不断加大在华投入。
特斯拉上海超级工厂产能不断爬升，不仅能满足国内消费者对Model 3的需求，还承担了欧洲的部分产能。
10月26日，特斯拉上海超级工厂正式启动了Model 3整车出口业务，宣布将首批7000辆Model 3标准续航升级版运往欧洲市场，包括德国、法国、意大利、瑞士等国家。
去年11月，特斯拉还宣布2021年将投资4200万元人民币在中国生产电动车充电桩，以满足更多特斯拉电动车的充电服务需求。
China, which offers hefty subsidies for electric vehicles as it seeks to cut down on pollution from petrol and diesel cars, is key to Tesla's global strategy.
It is expanding its Shanghai car factory, where it also builds its Model 3 sedans. In October, it started exporting Model 3 vehicles to Europe.
It is also adding manufacturing capacity for EV chargers in Shanghai and expanding its sales and service network around the country. It sold over 20,000 vehicles in November.
特斯拉在中国的竞争对手既包括传统车企如大众、宝马等，也包括本土电动汽车创业公司如蔚来、小鹏、理想等等。
2020年前11个月，Model 3在中国的累计销量突破11万辆。相比而言，国内电动汽车销量赶超空间还很大。全国乘用车市场信息联席会数据显示，蔚来同期销量为3.7万辆，理想为2.6万辆，小鹏为2.1万辆，威马为2万辆。
Tesla's rivals in China include Volkswagen AG and BMW as well as local startups such as Nio Inc., Xpeng Inc. and Li Auto Inc., which all have electric SUV models.
In the first 11 months of 2020, Sales of Tesla's Model 3 sedan in China surpassed 110,000 vehicles. Meanwhile, Nio Inc. sold 37,000, Li Auto 26,000, Xpeng Inc.
21,000 and Weltmeister 20,000 units, according to the China Passenger Car Association.
