丑闻不断！女兵惨死，美军基地处分14人

在过去的一年中，有25名被分配到美国胡德堡军事基地的士兵死于自杀、谋杀或意外。

在一系列谋杀、性侵、枪击等丑闻被曝光后，当地时间12月8日，美国陆军部宣布对位于得克萨斯州的胡德堡军事基地14名官兵解职或停职，其中3名高级指挥官被解雇，2名指挥官遭停职处理。

导火索是从这个基地失踪的一名20岁女兵。

Fourteen U.S. Army leaders, including commanders and other leaders at Fort Hood, have been fired or suspended as a result of an investigation into a pattern of sexual assault, harassment, suicides and murder at the Fort Hood Army post in Killeen, Texas, army officials said Tuesday.

The independent review was ordered after the death of a 20-year-old soldier.

据当地媒体报道，20岁的美国陆军中士瓦妮萨•吉延（Vanessa Guillen）于两年前参军。今年4月22日，吉延失踪，她的遗体直到6月30日才在基地附近的一条河中被发现。

尽管她的失踪非常可疑，但基地最初坚称其是“擅离职守”。直到招致多方质疑，甚至引起美国国会

调查发现，吉延是在基地内被另一名美军士兵杀害，凶手用锤子打死了她并肢解抛尸。

吉延的母亲表示，早在事发前几个月吉延就曾透露自己在基地遭到了性骚扰，但因害怕不敢举报。

7月1日，凶手设法从被看守处逃脱，并开枪自杀。

Specialist Vanessa Guillen, 20, was missing for about two months before her remains were found in late June. Investigators say she was bludgeoned to death at Fort Hood.

Her parents complained about the army’s procedures and what they said was a lack of transparency in the investigation into her death. Family members also said Spc. Guillen previously had been harassed by her alleged killer.

The suspect in her death, Specialist Aaron Robinson, took his own life on 1 July as police were trying to take him into custody.

就在吉延被杀害的4个月之后，8月27日，服役于该基地第一骑兵师的费尔南德斯中士也在失踪9天后被发现已经意外死亡，他的家人表示他也曾被上级性侵并打击报复。

吉延的死和发生在胡德堡基地的种种恶性事件被媒体广泛报道，引起了大众的

美国军方发布的新闻稿称，独立调查委员会调查了31612名士兵，采访了647人，最终得出了136页报告，列出了9项结论和70条建议。参与调查的人员说，他们发现了93起可信的性侵事件，但其中只有59起被报告过。

当地时间8日，美国军方官员公布了独立调查报告，承认该基地相关防性侵系统存在严重缺陷，基地内部甚至形成默许性侵和性骚扰的恶劣氛围。

调查报告发布后，14名胡德堡基地官员被开除、停职。美国陆军称，“此举是为了纠正基地内长年累月性侵和暴力的风气”，开除名单包括在吉延遇害期间负责管理胡德堡基地的美国陆军准将斯科特•埃夫兰特。

The 136-page report of the Fort Hood Independent Review Committee released on Tuesday includes findings and recommendations intended to benefit Fort Hood and the entire army, according to a news release from the U.S. Department of Defense.

After interviewing 2,500 uniformed personnel and civilians, the Fort Hood Independent Review Committee found that base officials did not properly handle sexual assault and harassment at the base. It also determined that the army’s uniformed criminal investigators at the base were undertrained and overworked, which prevented them from properly investigating sex crimes and soldier deaths. Investigators also found commanders at the base did not act to curtail an environment that allowed for harassment and assault.

事实上，美国军队中的性侵与性骚扰问题由来已久。

美国哥伦比亚广播公司（CBS）上月公布的一项调查结果显示，在过去的10年中，美国军队内发生的性骚扰和性侵案件增加了一倍。另外，在2019年举报性侵的人中，有57名受害者表示因为举报而遭到报复，这些案件中只有一个被送上了军事法庭。

而2018年美军内部的一项调查则发现，在过去一年中全美有20,473名军人曾遭受性侵，较2016年增加了38%，其中64%的女性受害者表示自己在举报后遭到了报复。

Sexual harassment and assault cases within the U.S. military have doubled in the past decade, according to a an investigation airing on CBS News last month. Of those who reported assaults in 2019, 57 victims said they faced retaliation because of the report, according to the investigation. Only one of those cases went to court-martial.

The 2018 Workplace and Gender Relations Survey of Active-Duty Members found that 20,473 members of the military had been sexually assaulted in 2018, a 38 percent increase from 2016, with 64 percent of female victims saying they had experienced retaliation after reporting the assault.

目前，吉延的家人仍在努力呼吁国会通过法案，对美军内部的性侵与性骚扰案件开展独立调查。